April 17, 2024 – The Position Index of Overhead LED Sources Under Different Spectral Power Distributions and Background Luminances – “LED products can exhibit very high luminance values. Even when used at high angles they can be uncomfortably bright. Some emitters measure at over 1,000,000cd/m2, although those luminances are usually reduced with the use of diffusing materials or indirect optical systems.”
February 2, 2024 – The blue light hazard and its use on the evaluation of photochemical risk for domestic lighting. An in vivo study – Light spectrum matters, not just blue light. The risk to cellular death from Visible Light has been drastically underestimated.
January 16, 2024 – Nighttime Outdoor Artificial Light and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration – A study of 126,418 subjects found a correlation between Artificial Outdoor Light At Night and Exudative Age-related Macular Degeneration.
December 17, 2023 – Lighting for the Aging Eye – Discussion of the impacts of light on an older person’s eyes.
May, 2023 – Blueberry Stem Extract Suppresses Blue Light-Emitting Diode Light-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress on Retinal Photoreceptor Cells – Blue light causes retinal photoreceptor damage via oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.
April, 2023 – Blue light exposure collapses the inner blood-retinal barrier by accelerating endothelial CLDN5 degradation through the disturbance of GNAZ and the activation of ADAM17 – Blue light causes cellular harm.
March, 2023 – Blue Light—Ocular and Systemic Damaging Effects: A Narrative Review – The harmful effects of blue wavelength light.
January 4, 2023 – Network-driven intracellular cAMP coordinates circadian rhythm in the suprachiasmatic nucleus – Circadian rhythms are controlled by blue wavelength light.
January, 2023 – Blue light pollution causes retinal damage and degeneration by inducing ferroptosis – Blue wavelength light causes cell death.
July 27, 2022 – Age-dependent effects of blue light exposure on lifespan, neurodegeneration, and mitochondria physiology in Drosophila melanogaster – Blue wavelength light is even more toxic as we age.
April, 2021 – What is Photobiological Safety Standard? – Discussion of IEC 62471 and concern about eye damage from LEDs and the classification groups Risk Group 0, 1, 2 and 3.
July 14, 2020 – Comparison of ophthalmic toxicity of light-emitting diode and organic light-emitting diode light sources – LEDs are toxic to the eye, OLEDs less so.
February, 2020 – Light-induced Retinal Ganglion Cell Damage and the Relevant Mechanisms – Retinal Ganglion Cells in the eye are damaged by excessive visible radiation.
August 21, 2019 – Mitochondria as Potential Targets and Initiators of the Blue Light Hazard to the Retina – Describes the structure of the eye at the cellular level and details the photobiological hazards and serious injury to the eye caused by blue wavelength light.
December 18, 2018 – Research progress about the effect and prevention of blue light on eyes – Quote: “High energy short wave blue light between 415 and 455 nm is the most harmful. Direct penetration of crystals into the retina causes irreversible photochemical retinal damage.”
December, 2018 – Exposure to excessive blue LED light damages retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors of pigmented mice.
June 29, 2017 – Effects of white light‐emitting diode (LED) exposure on retinal pigment epithelium in vivo
February 18, 2017 – Light-emitting-diode induced retinal damage and its wavelength dependency in vivo
October, 2016 – Blue Light: What are the Risks to Our Eyes? – International Review of Ophthalmic Optics – Quote: We cannot seriously deny the potential ocular risks from overexposure to blue light. It is important not to forget that it is the cumulative effect over time that is dangerous and must be fought.
April 8, 2015 – Retinal damage induced by commercial light emitting diodes (LEDs).
March, 2014 – White light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at domestic lighting levels and retinal injury in a rat model.
January, 2011 – Retinal light toxicity – Discussion of eye hazards from light and different types of toxicity.